ომის 4 და დასვენების 51 დღე ჰომეროსის პოემაში „ილიადა“ (ეპითეტები ომსა და მშვიდობაზე)

ანოტაცია

The epic work “Iliad” by Homer tells us about the Trojan war and specifically about the last 55 days of this ten years of war, from which according to the famous formula created by Homerologists (1+9+1+12+3+1+1+1+3+12+ +1+9+1), there are just 4 days when the war is going on and there are another 51 days which we can call the days of peace.

The aim of our work is to demonstrate how the war and peace were reflected in Homer's poem "Iliad" at the level of epithets. The analysis shows that most of the epithets are about the war, struggle, warfare, heroes: κυδιανείρῃ (the heroic) – war; ἄριστος (unbreakable in the war); φιλοπτολέμοισιν (the man wishing the war); ἀνάλκιδες (born not for fighting) (Trojans) / Athena/ ... and in the poem there is only one epithet that is used for describing peace – ὀλίγος (brief).

In the poem by Homer epithet is the main lexical-grammatical marker in the formulation of the importance of war. Among them we find objective assessment epithets: φθισήνωρ (killer) – war; ἄπρακτος (hated) – war; πευκεδανός (destroying) – war; the metaphorical epithets: κυδιάνειραν (praiseworthy/fame bringing); γλυκίων (delightful/sweet) and more. The epithets mainly describe the war as a desirable reality that can bring the immortal name to the heroes, which is the first desire for them. The attitude of the characters to the war is reflected in the epithets used for describing the fighters themselves: φιλοπτολέμοισιν (war lover), μαχέσσατο κυδαλίμοισι (experienced in the war) and others.

It can be said that in the work "Iliad" by Homer the amount of epithets used for describing war and peace is a mat inversely proportionate to the number of active and inactive days (51/4).