მენტალური სიტყვის თეორია და მისი რეფლექსია შუა საუკუნეებში (ნეტარი ავგუსტინე პიერ აბელარი, ჰუგო დე სანქტ ვიქტორი და თომა აქვინელი)

ანოტაცია

This article examines the interpretation of the concept of logos (verbum) in the Gospel of John and the evolution of its theological and philosophical understanding in the Middle Ages. Special attention is given to St. Augustine’s theory of verbum, in which the logos is understood not merely as the spoken word, but as the inner or mental word (verbum interius). This approach fundamentally differs from earlier patristic interpretations. It introduces a significant innovation into Christian theology, insofar as the mental word is connected with the inner Trinitarian relationship, particularly the birth of the Son. The article shows that Augustine’s theory of the mental word became widely influential in the Middle Ages and was developed with different emphases by various authors. In this context, the views of Peter Abelard and Hugh of St. Victor are analyzed, both of whom adopt Augustine’s theological framework while approaching it from distinct perspectives. A special focus is placed on Thomas Aquinas, who develops the theory of the mental word not only based on Augustine, but also by drawing on the authority of Aristotle, thus offering a new theological-philosophical synthesis that differs from that of his predecessors.

The article aims to demonstrate that the theory of the mental word constitutes a key element of medieval thought, one that is equally significant for both philosophical and theological discourse, a significance that becomes especially clear in the system of Thomas Aquinas.